UNIT 2: THE GENERATION GAP
I. VOCABULARY
| STT | TỪ VỰNG | PHIÊN ÂM | TỪ LOẠI | NGHĨA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Generate Generator Generation Generational Generation gap |
/'dʒen.ə.reɪt/ /'dʒen.ər.eɪ.tər/ /ˌdʒen.ə'reɪ.ʃən/ /ˌdʒen.ə'reɪ.ʃən.əl/ /ˌdʒen.ə'reɪ.ʃən ɡæp/ |
v n n adj np |
tạo ra; phát ra máy phát điện thế hệ thuộc thế hệ khoảng cách thế hệ |
| 2 | Differ Different Difference Differentiate |
/'dɪf.ər/ /'dɪf.ər.ənt/ /'dɪf.ər.əns/ /ˌdɪf.ə'ren.ʃi.eɪt/ |
v adj n v |
khác khác nhau sự khác nhau phân biệt |
| 3 | Belief Believe |
/bɪ'liːf/ /bɪ'liːv/ |
n v |
niềm tin, tín ngưỡng tin tưởng |
| 4 | Behave Behavior Behavioral |
/bɪ'heɪv/ /bɪ'heɪ.vjər/ /bɪ'heɪ.vjər.əl/ |
v n adj |
cư xử, đối xử hành vi, cách cư xử thuộc hành vi |
| 5 | Nuclear family Extended family |
/ˌnuː.kliː.ər 'fæm.əl.i/ /ɪkˌsten.dɪd 'fæm.əl.i/ |
np np |
gia đình 2 thế hệ (bố mẹ và con cái) đại gia đình (gia đình nhiều thế hệ) |
| 6 | Argue Argument |
/'ɑːrɡ.juː/ /'ɑːrɡ.jə.mənt/ |
v n |
tranh luận; biện luận, phản đối sự cãi nhau, cuộc tranh luận |
| 7 | Gender | /'dʒendər/ | n | giống, giới tính |
| 8 | Conflict | /'kɑːn.flɪkt/ | n | sự xung đột, cuộc xung đột |
| 9 | Characteristic | /ˌker.ək.tə'rɪs.tɪk/ | n | đặc điểm |
| 10 | Quality | /'kwɑː.lə.ti/ | n | chất lượng, phẩm chất |
| 11 | Breadwinner | /'bredˌwɪn.ər/ | n | trụ cột gia đình |
| 12 | Common | /'kɑːmən/ | adj | thông thường, bình thường, phổ biến |
| 13 | Influence | /'ɪn.flu.əns/ | n | sự ảnh hưởng |
| 14 | Economic Economical Economy |
/ˌiː.kə'nɑː.mɪk/ /ˌiː.kə'nɑː.mɪ.kəl/ /i'kɑː.nə.mi/ |
adj adj n |
thuộc về kinh tế tiết kiệm nền kinh tế |
| Economics Economist |
/ˌiː.kə'nɑː.mɪks/ /i'kɑː.nə.mɪst/ |
n n |
kinh tế học nhà kinh tế học |
|
| 15 | Social Sociable Socialize Society Socialization |
/'soʊ.ʃəl/ /'soʊ.ʃə.bəl/ /'soʊ.ʃə.laɪz/ /sə'saɪ.ə.ti/ /ˌsoʊ.ʃəl.ə'zeɪ.ʃən/ |
adj adj v n n |
có tính chất xã hội dễ chan hòa, dễ hòa nhập xã hội hóa xã hội, tầng lớp, giai cấp xã hội sự xã hội hóa |
| 16 | Experience | /ɪk'spɪəriəns/ | n/v | kinh nghiệm, sự từng trải/trải qua |
| 17 | Critical | /'krɪt.ɪ.kəl/ | adj | phê phán, chỉ trích |
| 18 | Thinker | /'θɪŋ.kər/ | n | nhà tư tưởng, người suy nghĩ |
| 19 | Curious Curiosity |
/'kjʊr.i.əs/ /ˌkjʊr.i'ɑː.sə.ti/ |
adj n |
tò mò, ham hiểu biết tính ham hiểu biết, tính tò mò |
| 20 | Digital native | /ˌdɪdʒ.ɪ.təl 'neɪ.tɪv/ | np | chuyên gia về kỹ thuật số |
| 21 | Experiment | /ɪk'sper.ə.mənt/ | n/v | cuộc thử nghiệm; cuộc thí nghiệm/ thí nghiệm, thử nghiệm |
| 22 | Platform | /'plæt.fɔːrm/ | n | sân ga, bục, nền tảng |
| 23 | Hire | /haɪr/ | v | thuê |
| 24 | Immigrate Immigrant Immigration |
/'ɪm.ə.ɡreɪt/ /'ɪm.ə.ɡrənt/ /ˌɪm.ə'ɡreɪ.ʃən/ |
v n n |
nhập cư người nhập cư sự nhập cư |
| 25 | Individualism Individual |
/ˌɪn.də'vɪdʒ.u.ə.lɪ.zəm/ /ˌɪn.də'vɪdʒ.u.əl/ |
n n/adj |
chủ nghĩa cá nhân cá nhân/ một mình; riêng lẻ |
| 26 | Freedom | /'friː.dəm/ | n | tình trạng tự do; quyền tự do |
| 27 | Honesty Honest Dishonest |
/'ɑː.nə.sti/ /'ɑː.nɪst/ /dɪ'sɑː.nɪst/ |
n adj adj |
sự trung thực; thật thà trung thực không trung thực |
| 28 | Competition Competitor Competitiveness Compete Competitive |
/ˌkɑːm.pə'tɪʃ.ən/ /kəm'pet.ə.tər/ /kəm'pet.ə.tɪv.nəs/ /kəm'piːt/ /kəm'pet.ə.tɪv/ |
n n n v adj |
sự cạnh tranh, cuộc thi đấu đối thủ cạnh tranh tính cạnh tranh, tính đua tranh cạnh tranh, đua tranh cạnh tranh, có sức cạnh tranh |
II. STRUCTURES
| STT | CẤU TRÚC | NGHĨA |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Argue about/over sth Have arguments over/about sth with sb |
tranh luận về điều gì đó tranh luận về điều gì với ai |
| 2 | Learn to do sth | học cách làm gì đó |
| 3 | Hold views about sth | giữ quan điểm về điều gì |
| 4 | Want sb to do sth | muốn ai làm điều gì đó |
| 5 | Hope to do sth | hi vọng làm điều gì đó |
| 6 | Do the housework | làm việc nhà |
| 7 | Share one's views | cùng chung quan điểm |
| 8 | Follow one's dream | theo đuổi ước mơ |
| 9 | Give sb advice | cho ai đó lời khuyên |
| 10 | Force sb to do sth | ép ai làm điều gì đó |
| 11 | Follow in one's footsteps | theo bước, tiếp bước ai |
| 12 | Consist of | bao gồm |
| 13 | Belong to sb | thuộc về ai đó |
| 14 | Without + V-ing/N | mà không có cái gì/làm gì đó |
| 15 | Deal with | đối phó, giải quyết |
| 16 | Refer to sth | đề cập tới cái gì |
| 17 | Grow up | lớn lên, trưởng thành |
| 18 | Be prepared to do sth | sẵn sàng để làm điều gì đó |
| 19 | Try out | kiểm tra, thử xem có hoạt động không |
| 20 | Be able to do sth | có khả năng, năng lực làm gì |
| 21 | Suit one's need | phù hợp với nhu cầu của ai đó |
| 22 | Be interested in sth/doing sth | thích thú, quan tâm với cái gì/ làm cái gì |
| 23 | Rely on sb/sth | phụ thuộc vào ai/ điều gì |
| 24 | Be on the scene | có mặt tại hiện trường |
| 25 | Go through | đi qua, kiểm tra kỹ, xem xét |
| 26 | Complain about sth | phàn nàn, khiếu nại về điều gì |
| 27 | Be likely to do sth | có khả năng sẽ làm điều gì đó |
| 28 | In addition | thêm vào đó, ngoài ra |
| 29 | Lead to sth | dẫn đến điều gì |
| 30 | In conclusion | kết luận, tóm lại |
| 31 | Adapt to sth | thích nghi với điều gì |
| 32 | Fail to do sth | thất bại khi làm gì |
| 33 | Attitude to/toward(s) | thái độ về điều gì |
III. GRAMMAR (Modal verbs: MUST, HAVE TO, and SHOULD)
1. Chúng ta sử dụng must và have to để nói về sự cần thiết khi làm việc gì đó ở hiện tại.
Ví dụ: I must/have to go and get the kids from school. (Tôi phải đi đón bọn trẻ ở trường.)
2. Chúng ta sử dụng have to để nói về nghĩa vụ/bổn phận trong quá khứ hoặc tương lai.
Ví dụ: John had to leave early for work this morning. (Sáng nay John phải đi làm sớm).
I will have to attend a meeting tomorrow afternoon. (Tôi sẽ phải tham dự một cuộc họp vào chiều mai.)
3. Trong tiếng Anh - Anh có sự khác biệt giữa must và have to. Must được dùng để nói về những gì người nói hoặc người nghe muốn hoặc nghĩ là cần thiết, và have to được dùng để nói về các quy tắc, luật lệ và mong muốn của người khác.
Ví dụ: I must finish this essay today. I'm going out tomorrow. (Tôi phải hoàn thành bài luận này ngày hôm nay. Tôi sẽ đi chơi vào ngày mai.)
I have to finish this essay today. We have to hand them in tomorrow. (Tôi phải hoàn thành bài luận này ngày hôm nay. Chúng ta phải nộp chúng vào ngày mai.)
4. Chúng ta sử dụng mustn't để thể hiện sự việc gì đó mà chúng ta không được cho phép làm.
Ví dụ: You mustn't smoke in this area; it's strictly prohibited. (Bạn không được hút thuốc trong khu vực này; nó bị nghiêm cấm.)
5. Chúng ta sử dụng don't have to để nói rằng việc gì đó là không cần thiết.
Ví dụ: They don't have to wear a uniform to this event; it's a casual gathering. (Họ không cần phải mặc đồng phục cho sự kiện này; đó là một cuộc tụ họp bình thường.)
6. Chúng ta sử dụng should và shouldn't để đưa ra lời khuyên, lời đề nghị, hoặc đề xuất một ý kiến về việc gì đúng hay sai.
Ví dụ: You should take the train instead of driving to avoid traffic. (Bạn nên đi tàu thay vì lái xe để tránh kẹt xe.)
IV. PRACTICE EXERCISES
A. PHONETICS
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. extend
B. between
C. believe
D. member
2. A. accept
B. nuclear
C. discuss
D. include
3. A. consist
B. also
C. conclude
D. common
4. A. name
B. gap
C. same
D. change
5. A. digital
B. notice
C. idea
D. differ
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
1. A. device
B. complain
C. limit
D. allow
2. A. parent
B. upset
C. laptop
D. damage
3. A. teenager
B. computer
C. conclusion
D. supporting
4. A. immigration
B. economy
C. experience
D. society
5. A. behavior
B. education
C. economic
D. generation
B. VOCABULARY
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences.
1. Generation X experienced many social changes and developments in history, so they are always ready for changes.
A. passed
B. achieved
C. witnessed
D. underwent
2. These young people are critical thinkers because they achieved higher levels of education than previous generations.
A. positive
B. analytical
C. passive
D. active
3. When working in a team, Millennials welcome different points of view and ideas from others.
A. opinions
B. behaviors
C. places
D. activities
4. They saw so many people lose their jobs so they think it is safer to be your own boss than relying on someone else to hire you.
A. asking for
B. trying out
C. growing up
D. depending on
5. They are very creative and able to experiment with platforms to suit their needs.
A. test
B. investigate
C. determine
D. manage
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences.
1. My parents limit the time I spend on electronic devices.
A. prevent
B. reduce
C. allow
D. replace
2. Too much screen time can damage eyesight, reduce sleep time and cause weight gain.
A. enhance
B. break
C. injure
D. ruin
3. Controlling the time the children spend on digital devices will ensure that they have time for homework and outdoor activities.
A. Managing
B. Maintaining
C. Holding
D. Freeing
4. The young accept American values such as individualism, freedom, honesty and competition.
A. liberation
B. release
C. limitation
D. delivery
5. Young people may not do what their parents want them to do or what they are expected to do. As a result, Asian American parents may fail to have their children follow the tradition.
A. succeed
B. manage
C. collapse
D. argue
Give the correct forms of words in brackets.
1. Generation gap is the __________ (DIFFER) in beliefs and behaviors between young and old people.
2. Though people in a family understand each other well, daily __________ (ARGUE) are unavoidable.
3. When we live with our extended family, we have to deal with __________ (GENERATION) conflicts.
4. Each generation has its common characteristics that are influenced by social and __________ (ECONOMY) conditions.
5. Generation Y, referring to those born between the early 1980s and late 1990s, are __________ (CURIOSITY) and ready to accept changes.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following sentences.
1. Watching TV too much may __________ to sleep and weight problems.
A. cause
B. lead
C. result
D. arrive
2. They often force their children __________ their native country's cultural values.
A. to follow
B. follow
C. followed
D. following
3. A traditional view is that men are the __________ in the family.
A. housewives
B. housekeepers
C. keys
D. breadwinners
4. If you live in an extended family, you have to learn __________ the differences between the generations.
A. accept
B. to accept
C. accepting
D. accepted
5. Our parents always think we should follow our dreams and never ask us to follow in their __________.
A. footprints
B. feet
C. footsteps
D. footfalls
6. The advice that parents __________ us is always helpful because they have experienced it for a long time.
A. take
B. give
C. make
D. get
7. Some old people think women __________ do all the housework.
A. have to
B. should
C. need
D. can
8. You must respect older people and you can learn some __________ lessons from them.
A. value
B. valueless
C. valuable
D. invaluable
9. Each generation comes with its __________, which are influenced by the historical, economic and social conditions of the country they live in.
A. values
B. views
C. behaviors
D. characteristics
10. Children nowadays __________ online and never know the world before digital and social media.
A. try out
B. grow up
C. go through
D. rely on
11. Many young people are __________ starting their own businesses and companies.
A. able to
B. be likely to
C. interested in
D. on the scene
12. Most of us can __________ lots of things with our parents.
A. share
B. complain
C. belong
D. suit
13. The young now want to make their own __________ about their lives.
A. decide
B. decisive
C. decisions
D. decided
14. She is not __________ to become a musician because her parents think it's not a good job.
A. prepared
B. let
C. used
D. allowed
15. No children want their parents to __________ everything they do.
A. worry
B. control
C. limit
D. hire
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.
1. Due to their different attitudes __________ the new culture, Asian American children may have cultural values different from their parents' Asian cultural values.
2. Living in an extended family, you have to deal __________ many problems, especially differences between young and old people.
3. __________ the other hand, many first-generation Asian American parents fail to adapt to the new culture.
4. My grandparents hold traditional views __________ male jobs and gender roles.
5. Children should ask their parents __________ permission if they want to hang out with their friends.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
1. Parents always keep complaining to their children's clothes and hairstyles.
2. Young people can use apps and digital devices in creativity ways.
3. I must clean my room every day because my mother forces me to do it.
4. Millennials or generation Y refers those born between the early 1980s and late 1990s.
5. They think that children have to respect their parents and grandparents.
C. GRAMMAR
Choose the correct modal verbs to complete the sentences.
1. I think you (should/must) apologize for your behavior; it was disrespectful.
2. You (don't have to/mustn't) bring any food to the party; we'll provide everything.
3. Students (must/mustn't) use their cell phones during exams. It's against the rules.
4. We (don't have to/mustn't) forget to lock the doors before leaving the house.
5. You (should/mustn't) go to bed early to get enough rest for tomorrow's exam.
6. She will (have to/must) buy a new phone as her current one is not working properly.
7. We (don't have to/have to) pay our bills by the end of the month or they will cut off the electricity.
8. We (must/mustn't) be at the airport at least two hours before our flight.
9. I think you (should/shouldn't) wear a helmet while riding a motorcycle for safety.
10. You (shouldn't/don't have to) eat too much junk food; it's not good for your health.
D. SPEAKING
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges.
1. Jane is on the bus.
Jane: Would you mind if I sit here?
The woman: __________
A. No. Why not?
B. Are you sure?
C. Of course not.
D. It is not good.
2. Sue and Jane are talking to each other.
Sue: Is it OK if I go to the library this afternoon?
Jane: __________
A. Do you go there often?
B. Certainly.
C. No one will go there.
D. Yes, I do.
3. Jane is taking a test in the class.
Jane: Do you mind if I ask you a question?
Teacher: __________
A. Don't be quiet.
B. Think about it carefully.
C. I think it's good for you.
D. I'm sorry but that's not possible.
4. Jane is talking to her mother.
Jane: Mum, can I go to my friend's house this weekend?
Mother: __________
A. Certainly. Who is your friend?
B. Where are you going?
C. Yes. Who is coming?
D. No worries. Who has ideas?
5. Jane is talking to her mother.
Jane: Is it OK if I stay the night at my friend's house?
Mother: __________
A. You can say that again.
B. I'm afraid not. You must be at home before 10.
C. You are right.
D. Just a good question.
E. READING
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 10.
The generation gap, which refers to the differences (1) __________ values, beliefs, and behaviors between younger and older generations, can have significant negative effects on individuals and society as a (2) __________. This divide often leads to a lack of understanding and communication between generations, resulting in (3) __________ relationships, increased conflict, and societal fragmentation. According to a study (4) __________ by the Pew Research Center in 2020, generational differences have been identified as a major source of tension and disagreement in areas (5) __________ politics, social issues, and technology. The widening generation gap can (6) __________ progress and cooperation, as each generation tends to prioritize its own perspectives and interests, (7) __________ it challenging to find common ground. (8) __________, the lack of mutual understanding and respect can lead to stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination, perpetuating intergenerational conflicts. It is crucial to bridge the generation gap (9) __________ fostering open dialogue, promoting empathy, and encouraging intergenerational collaboration to create a harmonious and cohesive society. (10) __________ acknowledging and addressing these negative effects can we hope to bridge the gap and cultivate a more inclusive and cohesive society for future generations.
(Adapted from "Family communication patterns and intergenerational ambivalence in young adults' relationships" Forbes)
1. A. among
B. in
C. between
D. of
2. A. result
B. rule
C. background
D. whole
3. A. strained
B. constrained
C. trained
D. restrained
4. A. conduct
B. conducts
C. conducting
D. conducted
5. A. such as
B. including
C. comprising
D. consisting of
6. A. hindrance
B. hinder
C. hindsight
D. hindmost
7. A. make
B. made
C. making
D. to make
8. A. However
B. Although
C. Furthermore
D. Therefore
9. A. by
B. through
C. with
D. via
10. A. Only after
B. Only if
C. Only by
D. Only when
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 11 to 17.
In the past, the generation gap was quite distinct, with significant differences between older and younger generations in terms of values, beliefs, and lifestyles. Traditional values and conservative attitudes often dominated older generations, while younger generations sought more freedom, independence, and social change. Communication between generations was often limited, resulting in misunderstandings and conflicts.
However, in the present, the generation gap has undergone some transformations. With advancements in technology and rapid societal changes, the gap has narrowed in certain aspects. Today, older and younger generations have more opportunities to connect and understand each other.
One major factor contributing to this change is the influence of technology. Older generations have become more tech-savvy, embracing smartphones, social media, and other digital platforms. This has opened up new avenues for communication and sharing experiences between generations. Additionally, younger generations have become more open to learning from the wisdom and experiences of their elders.
Moreover, there is a growing recognition of the importance of intergenerational dialogue and understanding. Efforts are being made to bridge the gap through initiatives such as intergenerational activities, mentorship programs, and family bonding experiences. These initiatives foster mutual respect, empathy, and appreciation for the unique perspectives and contributions of each generation.
While some differences still exist, the present generation gap is characterized more by a blend of traditional values and modern ideas. Older generations can learn from the enthusiasm and fresh perspectives of the younger generation, while the younger generation can benefit from the wisdom and life experiences of their elders.
In conclusion, the generation gap has evolved over time, with greater opportunities for communication and understanding between older and younger generations. By embracing technology, fostering intergenerational dialogue, and acknowledging the value of different perspectives, we can bridge the gap and foster harmony in our families, communities, and society as a whole.
(Adapted from "Bridging the Generation Gap: How to Bring Different Generations Together", Study.com)
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Challenges of the Generation Gap
B. The Evolution of the Generation Gap
C. The Generation Gap in Today's Society
D. The Impact of Technology on the Generation Gap
12. The word "tech-savvy" in paragraph 3 probably means __________.
A. technologically challenged
B. technologically enthusiastic
C. technologically knowledgeable
D. technologically illiterate
13. According to the passage, what has contributed to narrowing the generation gap in the present?
A. Older generations' acceptance of embracing technology
B. Limited opportunities for intergenerational dialogue
C. The influence of social media on younger generations
D. The recognition of the importance of understanding between generations
14. It can be inferred from the passage that older generations have become more __________.
A. conservative in their values
B. resistant to learning from younger generations
C. open to using technology
D. isolated from their younger counterparts
15. The word "blend" in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. mix
B. union
C. joint
D. inclusion
16. According to the passage, efforts to bridge the generation gap include all of the following EXCEPT __________.
A. intergenerational activities
B. mentorship programs
C. family bonding experiences
D. using less technology to communicate
17. What is the main message conveyed in the passage?
A. The generation gap is wider now than it was in the past.
B. Technology has created more barriers between generations.
C. Understanding and communication between generations are key to bridging the gap.
D. Traditional values and ideas have become obsolete in today's society.
UNIT 2: 15-MINUTE TEST
I. Fill "must / mustn't / have to / don't have to / should / shouldn't" in the blanks.
1. It's 10 p.m. I __________ go home now.
2. Students __________ wear uniforms on weekdays at school.
3. I __________ be back home by 9 p.m. My parents let me decide what to do.
4. I think we __________ stay out too late at night. It's dangerous.
5. In Vietnam, all people __________ drive on the right.
6. Young people __________ give up some bad habits such as staying up late and spending too much time playing games.
7. You __________ wash all dishes but just enough for ten people.
8. Children __________ obey their parents and try to study hard.
9. You __________ behave rudely to other people.
10. They __________ be at work before 7:50 and get ready for their work.
II. Fill in the correct prepositions to complete sentences.
11. Young people are interested __________ doing what they like.
12. These shoes belong __________ my brothers. He collects shoes.
13. My child is good __________ using electronic devices.
14. Parents always complain __________ their children's habits but still love them a lot.
15. __________ addition, too much screen time is bad for teenagers' health.
UNIT 2: 45-MINUTE TEST
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. reduce
B. support
C. confuse
D. music
2. A. women
B. follow
C. topic
D. online
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
3. A. open
B. parent
C. decide
D. differ
4. A. disagreement
B. economist
C. competition
D. individual
5. A. digital
B. quality
C. essential
D. immigrant
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences.
6. She's a sociable child who'll talk to anyone.
A. friendly
B. strict
C. funny
D. hard-working
7. She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
A. battle
B. fight
C. agreement
D. disagreement
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences.
8. She answered all my questions with her usual honesty. I could see it when I looked at her.
A. loyalty
B. cheating
C. trustworthiness
D. frankness
9. Everyone has the right to freedom of expression so parents should encourage their children to do that.
A. independence
B. flexibility
C. power
D. limitation
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following sentences.
10. Children of Asian American __________ adapt to American culture much faster than their parents.
A. immigrate
B. immigrants
C. immigration
D. immigrated
11. Some older people fail to __________ to the new culture.
A. learn
B. achieve
C. change
D. adapt
12. In some extended families, grandparents force their children and grandchildren __________ traditional values.
A. to follow
B. follow
C. following
D. followed
13. Hoa lives in a/an __________ family that consists of her grandparents, parents and younger sister.
A. traditional
B. extended
C. nuclear
D. natural
14. The older __________ usually has a more traditional view.
A. era
B. family
C. generation
D. group
15. Teenagers often come into __________ with their parents about career choices.
A. argue
B. argument
C. argumentative
D. arguing
16. You __________ tidy up your bedroom. No one can clean it for you.
A. don't have to
B. shouldn't
C. mustn't
D. must
17. In the past, grandmothers __________ stay at home and do all the housework.
A. had to
B. have to
C. must
D. should
18. My parents respect my choices. I mustn't follow __________ their footsteps.
A. for
B. in
C. to
D. on
19. Some values such as individualism, freedom, honesty and __________ are accepted by the younger generation now.
A. compete
B. competition
C. competitive
D. competitors
20. Soon a new generation, labeled Gen Alpha, will be __________ the scene.
A. off
B. with
C. about
D. on
21. __________ conditions of the country is a key which influences each generation's characteristics.
A. Society
B. Sociable
C. Social
D. Socialize
22. __________ are people born in the era of technology and their lives relate to digital and social media.
A. Curious generations
B. Immigrants
C. Teenagers
D. Digital natives
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
23. My mother forces me to play the piano every day. I must do it or my mother gets angry.
24. Generation conflicts are unavoidable in the extended family, so you should accept that.
25. She usually has some arguments in small things with family members.
READING
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 26 to 30.
The generation gap in Vietnam presents (26) __________ challenges and opportunities. With the rapid development and globalization, younger generations in Vietnam often have different values, attitudes, and aspirations (27) __________ to older generations. This can lead to communication and understanding gaps between them. (28) __________, it also creates opportunities for mutual learning and growth. Younger generations bring fresh perspectives and ideas, while older generations offer wisdom and experience. (29) __________ fostering open dialogue and embracing the diversity of viewpoints, Vietnam can (30) __________ the positive aspects of the generation gap to drive social progress, economic development, and intergenerational harmony.
(Adapted from "Intergenerational Relations and Family Changes in Vietnam", Vnexpress)
26. A. both
B. either
C. neither
D. nor
27. A. comparing
B. compared
C. comparison
D. compare
28. A. Since
B. However
C. Therefore
D. Moreover
29. A. On
B. In
C. From
D. By
30. A. bring
B. earn
C. harness
D. utilize
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
The generation gap in the business world is a fascinating phenomenon that highlights the differences in attitudes, values, and approaches to conducting business between different generations. One of the key areas where the generation gap is evident is in technology adoption. Younger generations, such as Millennials and Generation Z, have grown up in the digital age and are generally more comfortable with technology. They readily embrace new tools, platforms, and digital strategies, which can significantly impact business practices, marketing strategies, and communication methods.
Workforce expectations also play a crucial role in the generation gap. Each generation has its own set of expectations when it comes to work-life balance, career progression, and job satisfaction. Younger generations often prioritize flexibility, purpose-driven work, and a healthy work-life balance. Meanwhile, older generations may place more emphasis on job stability, loyalty, and traditional career paths. Leadership styles are another area where the generation gap becomes evident. Baby Boomers and Generation X typically favor hierarchical structures and a more top-down management style. They are used to a more authoritative approach to leadership. Conversely, younger generations often prefer collaborative and inclusive leadership styles, valuing input from all levels of the organization. They thrive in environments that encourage participation, teamwork, and innovation. Communication preferences have also evolved with each generation. The way people communicate and consume information has drastically changed over the years. Younger generations are inclined towards instant messaging, social media, and other digital channels for communication.
(Adapted from "Generation Gap at Work - Reshaping the Workplace")
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Impact of Technology on Business Practices
B. The Generation Gap in Such a Technological Era
C. Managing and Motivating Multi-Generational Workforce
D. The Generation Gap and Its Effect on Leadership Styles
32. According to the passage, the younger generation __________.
A. prefer hierarchical structures in the workplace.
B. value input from all levels of the organization.
C. prioritize traditional career paths.
D. communicate primarily through traditional channels.
33. The word "they" in the first paragraph refers to __________.
A. younger generations
B. Gen Z
C. technology
D. digital age
34. The word "thrive" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. explode
B. shrink
C. succeed
D. fail
35. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
A. Younger generations are more comfortable with technology.
B. Older generations prioritize flexibility and work-life balance.
C. Leadership styles vary between generations.
D. Communication preferences have evolved over the years.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges.
36. Jack is talking to Peter.
Jack: Teenagers shouldn't spend too much time watching online videos or playing games.
Peter: __________
A. I think it's good.
B. I can't agree with you more.
C. I'm afraid not.
D. Do you mind that?
37. Jack is talking to Peter.
Jack: Would you mind if I wrote about generation gap issues in your family?
Peter: __________
A. I don't have any ideas.
B. The bigger the better.
C. Please feel free to do that.
D. Of course you will like it.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
38. I am not allowed to wear jeans or color my hair.
A. I mustn't wear jeans or color my hair.
B. I shouldn't wear jeans or color my hair.
C. I must wear jeans or color my hair.
D. I don't have to wear jeans or color my hair.
39. I think it's necessary for you to go home right after you finish your work.
A. You don't have to go home right after you finish your work.
B. You mustn't go home right after you finish your work.
C. You should go home right after you finish your work.
D. You must go home right after you finish your work.
40. If I were you, I would follow your father's advice.
A. You must follow your father's advice.
B. You should follow your father's advice.
C. You have to follow your father's advice.
D. You shouldn't follow your father's advice.